Integrated Global Services Inc.

Abstract Repair and outage costs of a refinery Crude Distillation Unit (CDU) can be significant, involving the complexity of shell replacement or weld overlay and associated PWHT. High Velocity Thermal Spray (HVTS) cladding technology has a well-documented history of shell protection in sour conditions where low, or locally low, pH results in material wastage. These […]

All process heaters operate at high temperatures and are constructed with process tubes inside a refractory-lined enclosure, which is heated by radiant heat from gas-firing or, less commonly, oil-firing. Refractory linings are insulating and minimize heat loss, making them essential to retaining the high-temperature environment. However, when subjected to high temperatures, refractory can deteriorate and […]

Oil refineries, petrochemical, and chemical facilities are widely considered some of the largest contributors to nitrogen oxides (NOx), and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions which adversely affect the environment. Fired heaters emit an estimated 400 to 500 million tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) every year, with at least 73% of average refinery CO2 emissions coming from […]